International Tariffs – Global Import & Export Duties Explained

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SCOTUS invalidated the Reciprocal Floor; a 10% Section 122 tariff applies through July 24, 2026, while Section 232 and 301 remain.

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US goods face 125% retaliatory cliff (suspended until Nov 2026).

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All imports are now subject to a 10% Consumption Tax calculated on the total CIF value plus duties. Furthermore, personal import regulations have been tightened to prevent resale abuse and ensure competitive fairness with domestic businesses.

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CBAM definitive phase active as of Jan 1, 2026; importers must now purchase emission certificates for cement, metals, fertilizers, and energy.

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25% punitive tariff on India removed (Feb 7, 2026); a new interim deal sets an 18% reciprocal rate as India winds down Russian oil imports.

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Imports subject to 10% Section 122 surcharge until July 24, 2026.

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US-Indonesia trade deal (Feb 19, 2026) cuts Indonesia's tariffs on 99% of US goods; US caps duties at 19%, with 0% for textiles using US cotton.

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CBAM certificates required for industrial imports.~~ CBAM definitive phase began Jan 1, 2026. Follows EU Common External Tariff .

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New Section 301 investigation (launched March 12, 2026) now targets 60 countries over forced labor.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates (ranging from 21% to 25%).

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Tariff relief for U.S. steel & aluminum and relief for steel derivative goods extended to June 30, 2027. CUSMA not renewed on July 1, 2026; remains in force with annual reviews through 2036.

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Auto tariffs under negotiation.

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The U.S. declined to renew the USMCA for a 16-year term on July 1, 2026. The agreement remains in full force but is now subject to annual reviews and possible renegotiation, creating long-term uncertainty

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Subject to heavy sanctions and retaliatory tariffs.

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Under Section 301 forced labor investigation (launched March 2026).

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates (ranging from 21% to 25%).

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MFN status; traditional tariff schedules apply with no specific FTA preferences.

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Hub for EU environmental border enforcement.~~ CBAM definitive phase began Jan 1, 2026 .

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No major change. High duties on Asian EVs remain.

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Finalized 15% Trade Framework (Jan 2026); exempt from EU CBAM.

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Applies EU Common Customs Tariff (CCT) for non-EU imports; subject to EU-wide July 2026 customs reforms, including a €3 fixed duty on small parcels valued under €150.

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High protection for textiles (Mercosur). Under Section 301 forced labor investigation.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates (ranging from 21% to 25%).

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates (ranging from 21% to 25%).

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MFN status; primary focus of current Section 301 supply chain and labor enforcement reviews.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus a standard 23% VAT (with specific reduced rates of 9% and 13.5%).

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Beneficiary of the oldest U.S. FTA (1985); duty-free on qualifying goods.

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Operates via EFTA framework; maintains 25% standard VAT on all imports and protects agricultural sectors with high duties, though most industrial goods remain duty-free.

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CBAM definitive phase began Jan 1, 2026 . Under digital services tax investigation .

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No major change. World's most open free trade hub.

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Aligns with ECOWAS Common External Tariff (CET); 2026 reforms significantly reduced duties on industrial and food imports while phasing out Import Adjustment Taxes (IAT) by 2036.

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Direct trade is barred by comprehensive U.S. sanctions and ongoing war; subject to extreme punitive tariffs and maritime blockades.

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US 15% floor vs. 5% MFN rate.~~ IEEPA tariffs invalidated.

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No current bilateral FTA with the U.S. after nullifying the ART in March 2026; subject to standard MFN rates and ongoing U.S. Section 301 forced-labor investigations.

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Maintains MFN base rates (avg. 6–10%); currently contesting a proposed 12.5% U.S. Section 301 forced-labor tariff via active diplomatic lobbying.

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MFN status; primary focus of current Section 301 supply chain and labor enforcement reviews.

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Customs duties (0–60%) plus 14% VAT and additional development fees apply to all imports (no minimum threshold); qualifying goods benefit from GAFTA and EU-Egypt trade agreements.

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Under Section 301 excess capacity investigation.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus a flat 25% VAT.

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No major change. Low MFN due to broad FTA networks.

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Subject to 10% Section 122 surcharge until July 24, 2026.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates.

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Beneficiary of the U.S.–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA); most U.S. goods enter duty-free, while non-qualifying imports face standard MFN duties (avg. 5–20%) plus a 19% VAT.

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Standard 18% sales tax applies to most imports, with tiered customs duties (0%–15%+) and additional surcharges (RD/ACD) that vary by sector and product.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates.

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EU member subject to Common Customs Tariff (CCT); imports from outside the EU face a mandatory €3 flat duty per item (for values ≤€150) plus national VAT rates.

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Enforcing updated customs tariff schedules (0.5–30%) via the new ASYCUDA digital system; no general VAT, but high excise taxes apply to luxury goods, alcohol, and tobacco.

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Maintains tiered ad valorem duties (typically 0%, 6%, or 11%) plus an 18% VAT (IGV) on all imports; goods under $200 USD are duty-free.

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Maintains $1,000 NZD duty-free threshold, but as of April 2026, all consignments (regardless of value) incur a mandatory per-consignment 'Goods Management Levy' ($2.09–$2.21 + GST) plus 15% standard GST.

Key Products:

Wheat, Corn, Barley

Tariff Type:

Reduced export tax to 5.5%, effective June 2026

Primary Reason:

Competitiveness: Drastic cuts to capture global market share.

Key Products:

Soybeans, Soybean Oil/Meal

Tariff Type:

Reduced Export Tax: 24% (Permanent Milei Decree).

Primary Reason:

Economic Recovery: Incentivizing dollar inflows and clearing crop surpluses.

Key Products:

Lithium (Spodumene), Rare Earths

Tariff Type:

Royalty-Linked Levies / License Tracking.

Primary Reason:

Downstreaming: Prioritizing domestic processing for the EV supply chain.

Key Products:

Raw Hides and Skins

Tariff Type:

Export Surcharge: 9%.

Primary Reason:

Industrial Policy: To discourage raw exports and support local leather manufacturing.

Key Products:

Critical Minerals (Lithium, Nickel)

Tariff Type:

Strategic Export Screening.

Primary Reason:

National Security: Aligning with the 2026 North American Critical Minerals Strategy.

Key Products:

Raw Logs (from Crown lands)

Tariff Type:

Export Levy / Provincial Tax.

Primary Reason:

Job Protection: Ensuring a steady supply of timber for domestic sawmills.

Key Products:

High-Tech (to Japan)

Tariff Type:

Dual-Use Export Ban (Jan 2026 Decree).

Primary Reason:

Retaliation: New restrictions following recent diplomatic disputes with Japan.

Key Products:

Pea Starch (to Canada)

Tariff Type:

New anti-dumping tariff. Add a new 73.5% duty on exports to Canada, effective June 30, 2026.

Primary Reason:

Anti-dumping remedy to protect Chinese domestic industry.

Key Products:

Gallium, Germanium, Antimony

Tariff Type:

Export Licensing System (Suspended Ban) .

Primary Reason:

Diplomatic Leverage: "Total ban" paused. Licensing required until Nov 27, 2026 .

Key Products:

Helium

Tariff Type:

Temporary export ban on helium, effective immediately from July 10, 2026.

Primary Reason:

Domestic supply protection (semiconductor/medical needs).

Key Products:

Silver

Tariff Type:

Dual-License System (Effective Jan 1, 2026).

Primary Reason:

Strategic Reserve: Limiting supply for high-tech uses (PV panels, EVs).

Key Products:

Natural Gas (LNG)

Tariff Type:

Total Export Halt (Net Importer status).

Primary Reason:

Energy Security: Redirecting gas to domestic grid; imports from Qatar.

Key Products:

Aluminium & Steel Scrap

Tariff Type:

Waste Shipment (WSR) Surveillance.

Primary Reason:

Green Transition: Jan 2026 rules block scrap "leakage" to preserve raw material for "Green Steel."

Key Products:

Non-Basmati White Rice

Tariff Type:

Minimum Export Price (MEP): $490/tonne.

Primary Reason:

Food Security: Balancing high global demand with local consumer price stability.

Key Products:

Onions

Tariff Type:

Export Prohibition (Jan 5, 2026 update).

Primary Reason:

Anti-Inflation: Responding to localized crop shortfalls.

Key Products:

Coal

Tariff Type:

RKAB Production Quota: ~600M tonnes (Potential Increase) .

Primary Reason:

Price Support/Market Capture: Quota set low but may rise to capture high prices .

Key Products:

Raw Nickel Ore, Bauxite

Tariff Type:

Total Export Ban.

Primary Reason:

Hilirisasi: Forcing multinational firms to build smelters and battery plants inside Indonesia.

Key Products:

Uranium (U3O8)

Tariff Type:

Differentiated MET: Up to 18%.

Primary Reason:

Fiscal Capture: Capitalizing on the 2026 global nuclear energy surge .

Key Products:

Crude Palm Oil (CPO)

Tariff Type:

Sliding Duty: 9.5% (Jan 2026 rate).

Primary Reason:

Revenue Management: Funding national biodiesel programs.

Key Products:

Wheat, Meslin

Tariff Type:

Zero-duty export regime now in effect (weekly floating rate).

Primary Reason:

Competitiveness / Price stabilization.

Key Products:

Diesel & Gasoline

Tariff Type:

Complete export ban (effective until July 31, 2026)

Primary Reason:

Stabilize the domestic fuel market and ensure supply after Ukrainian drone attacks reduced refinery output

Key Products:

Grain (Wheat, Corn), Sunflower Oil

Tariff Type:

License Verification System.

Primary Reason:

War-time Control: Licensing extended for exports to specific EU nations .